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Swedish Silent Film- Svenska Biografteatern, Scandia and Svensk Filmindustri

Silent Garbo-Greta Garbo

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The rift between Stiller and Selma Lagerloff had begun before the director had begun co-writing the script to Gosta Berling's Saga (seven reels) with his adaptation of the novel En Herrgardssagen and the film The Tale of Gunnar Hede (Gunnar Hedes Saga, seven reels), starring Mary Johnson, Pauline Brunius and Julia Cederblad, which Stiller had filmed a year earlier, in 1923. It incidently was the first film in which swedish silent film actress Lotten Olsson was to appear. Stiller and cameraman Julius Jaenzon had faithfully adapted the novel Herr Arnes pengar in 1919 with scriptwriter Gustaf Molander and in fact had contributed to the emerging Swedish technique of filming by shooting on location, which he was now beginning to try with his adaptation of Johannes Linnakowski's novel Song of the Scarlet Flower (Sangen om den elroda blomman) in 1918. Stiller had visited the author Lagerlof in Dalecarli , which in fact brought discussions that had resulted in two films having had been being directed by Victor Sjostrom and then two films having had been being added by Gustaf Molander, again as co-star, screenwriter and director. It was then that she began to disagree in regard to how her novels were to be adapted and her asking Svenska Filmindustri in Rasunda to replace Stiller before it began filming what had already been an unfinished project for Scandia before its having merged with Svenska Bio. During the filming of Gosta Berling's Saga, Stiller was to include a scene that had not appeared in the novel. He was also to include the actress Greta Gustafsson, Swedish Silent film actress Greta Garbo.

With the publication of the novel shortly thereafter appeared contemporary to Selma lagerloff the poets Gustaf Froding and the Love poems A Love Song (En Karleskvisa) and A Morning Dream (En Morgondrom, his having written the volumes Nya Dikter, Stank och Flickar and Granstank. With these there was a greater use of visual images connected to the Scandinavian landscape in Swedish poetry.

Director silent film director Victor Sjostrom already had left for Hollywood in 1922 upon the completion of the filming of Eld om bord (The Hellship/The Tragic Ship).

Screenwriter Ragnar Hylten-Cavallius in 1923 was to pen the script of Housemaids (Hemslavinnor), directed by Ragnar Widestedt and starring actresses Jenny Tschernichin-Larsson and Agda Helin. Ragnar Ring in 1923 directed Helene Olsson and Gudrun-Folmer Hansen in the film Har ni nagot att forsakra for Tullbergs Film.

Danish silent film directors Benjamin Christensen and Carl Dreyer, who had both begun as scriptwriters for Nordisk in 1912, by 1923 would travel Germany, as had Urban Gad, Asta Nielsen and Stellan Rye earlier. In Germany, Scandinavian silent film director Sven Gade positioned actress Asta Nielsen in front of the lens in Hamlet (1920). Directing in the United States in 1925, his films included Fifth Avenue Models, Siege and Peacock Feathers (seven reels),Your Wife (seven reels), Into Her Kingdom (seven reels) with Corinne Griffith and Einar Hanson and The Blonde Saint (seven reels) with Lewis Stone and Ann Rork.

Among the unrealized scripts written in Hollywood by Hjalmar Bergman was a synopsis for an adaptation of the Henrik Ibsen work Bygmester Solness, to be directed by Victor Sjostrom. Before Bergman had returned to Sweden, Sjostrom had decided his against filming an adaptation of the novel The Tree of Knowledge written by Edwin C. Booth.

The scripts written by Tancred Ibsen in Hollywood were left unrealized, his having worked on set contruction during 1924. He would later direct the first Norwegian sound film, The Big Christening (Den store barnedapen, 1931). Ibsen would rejoin victor Sjostrom in Sweden, directing him in the 1934 film Synnove Solbakken. While filming in Hollywood credited as Victor Seastrom, Victor Sjostrom during 1924 would direct two actors later to play opposite Greta Garbo before his later directing Greta Garbo herself: John Gilbert and Conrad Nagel.

Please enjoy this look at Silent Film in the United States during 1923.

Swedish Silent Film

Silent Film